L’inégalité socio–économique affecte-t-elle plus l’éducation dans les communes moins riches?
Mots-clés :
Data Envelopment Analysis – DEA, Efficacité Éducative, Éducation Basique, Inégalité SocialeRésumé
L’objectif de cet étude est d’analyser le panorama de l’enseignement obligatoire dans un pays émergent qui, d’un côté, se caractérise par son développement économique et, de l’autre, par sa grande inégalité socio-économique. Pour cela, nous avons choisi un modèle à deux niveaux, le premier utilise des variables directement liées à l’éducation, afin de juger de l’efficacité éducative de chaque commune; et le second, à l’aide de la méthode de régression Tobit, estime l’influence des variables environnementales (non discriminatoires) sur cette efficacité. Un regroupement des communes en clusters a été mis en place pour permettre une comparaison équitable entre communes homogènes. Les résultats montrent des écarts significatifs concernant l’influence des variables socio-économiques dans les résultats éducatifs, en fonction de la richesse du cluster.
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