Cadernos de Pesquisa

An approach to the video analysis of scientific knowledge of classroom discourse

Ana Aragüés Díaz — 2025-02-18

This study aims to describe a theoretical-methodological framework for the analysis of classroom videos from two different perspectives. The first is related to the need for a systematic and transferable analysis to understand what happens within the classroom. The second concerns decoding the discourse produced by students when working on certain scientific content. For this purpose, three scales of analysis are proposed: the macro scale, which defines what and how to work (didactic medium), the meso scale, which structures the objectives and rules (didactic games) and the micro scale, which examines the knowledge involved in the students’ verbal statements (facets).

Women mentoring women: Philosophy in a comparative perspective

Carolina Araújo — 2025-04-14

This descriptive and quantitative study aims to highlight gender inequalities in graduate education in Brazil, with a focus on the area of Philosophy, based on the possible combinations between male and female graduate students and supervisors. Data from the Capes Catalog of Theses and Dissertations from 1991 to 2021 were analyzed, covering the Major Areas, the Humanities, and the ten areas with the fewest female authors. The study concludes that all areas with most female graduates exhibit the WSW index: women supervising at least 50% more women than men. WSW is always the case when men supervise more women than men and is absent in the ten areas with the fewest female authors. In Philosophy, men supervised more than twice as many men as women, and women supervised nearly twice as many men as women.

Discrimination in the Brazilian school context: A research overview

Willer Moravia — 2025-02-07

This qualitative study analyzes discrimination in school contexts by reviewing academic literature from 2010 to 2023. Fifty-nine scholarly works were examined, sourced from the SciELO database, the Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Capes, and the Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações. The analysis revealed four primary research categories and a significant focus on discrimination against specific identity groups. The study suggests an interdisciplinary approach, integrating various fields of knowledge, as essential for understanding the complexities and specificities involved in the phenomenon within school contexts.

Quality of basic education: Beyond large-scale cognitive tests

Dalila Andrade Oliveira — 2025-02-28

This article analyzes the evaluation of the quality of basic education in Brazil, questioning the overemphasis on cognitive test results as the primary indicator of educational excellence. A more comprehensive interpretative model is proposed, grounded in the seven axes of the Quality Matrix of the Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica [Basic Education Assessment System] (Saeb), which encompasses multiple dimensions of education. In addition, the limitations of Saeb are outlined, and the adverse effects of large-scale assessments are discussed, highlighting the need for a broader perspective on the dimensions that should constitute educational quality. The article concludes that an evaluation model that goes beyond cognitive tests is essential for a more comprehensive understanding of the quality of education.

Workers’ education according to Gramsci (1917-1919): A revolutionary alternative

Júlio César Apolinário Maia — 2025-03-27

This article investigates the theme of workers’ education in Antonio Gramsci’s experiences with writing, organizations and workers’ movements in the period preceding his imprisonment, between the end of 1917 and the beginning of 1919. The discussion is structured around seven topics aiming at presenting introductory elements, such as topic relevance, purpose and conduct of the investigation, as well as studying the anti-spontaneity, anti-nationalist, anti-vanguardist, anti-verbalist, anti-mechanistic and anti-despotic characteristics. It also looks into Gramsci’s educational and editorial experiences in the workers’ movements and in the Turin’s workers’ newspapers. Addressing these topics will highlight relevant elements for critical thinking on working-class education.

School coexistence and neofascism: Pointers to prevent school attacks

Matheus Eduardo Rodrigues Martins — 2025-03-19

Armed attacks in schools have skyrocketed in Brazil over the past two years, mainly victimizing women and black individuals. Most of these attacks were committed by students or former students who reported grievances related to school life. Many perpetrators were also recruited by extremist groups in online spaces. This article aims to establish a link between these attacks and Brazil’s structural violence, drawing from decolonial feminism to propose preventive actions. After theoretical discussion and report analysis, that such actions envolve the promotion of democratic school management and transformations in the schooling process based on epistemes that embrace diverse knowledge systems, foster social emancipation, and challenge the privileges of the universal subject.

Times of dismantling the human rights state: Times of imposing a market state, a state of capital

Miguel Gonzalez Arroyo — 2025-04-23

The analyses in this essay are structured around the following questions: what kind of state are we dealing with in these tense political times? A selective human rights state? Times of a dismantled human rights state? Which market state, of capital reasserting itself? Which democratic traditions are being dismantled, and which authoritarian traditions are being reinstated? What forms of resistance are there to affirm a human rights state, which recognizes the others as they reaffirm their humanity? How do we resist the commodification of human beings?

Epistemological frameworks in the methodological cycle of developmental psychology research

José Antonio Castorina — 2025-04-17

This article analyzes metatheoretical studies conducted over the past two decades in developmental psychology. The author differentiates this analysis from theoretical productions and empirical investigations, emphasizing the importance of understanding the concepts used in psychological theory, as well as its grammar and argumentative consistency. The author concludes that research exhibits a “dual nature”, in which the epistemic specificity of interactions established throughout development must be considered in light of external social conditions. He argues that the objectivity of knowledge depends crucially on the social nature of the investigation and the consideration of values that guide methodological practices.

Diálogo e cultura: Um olhar educacional inclusivo

Eduardo Reis de Souza — 2025-01-31

Sobre carteiras, impressos e parafusos: Por uma história econômica da escola

Carolina Philippi — 2025-04-15

[Erratum] Lucie Tanguy (1937-2024)

Editoria Científica — 2025-03-20

Errata da homenagem "Lucie Tanguy (1937-2024)", organizada por Liliane Bordignon de Souza e Aparecida Neri de Souza. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980531411444.